Publications

Collins, S. L., K. N. Suding, E. E. Cleland, M. Batty, S. C. Pennings, K. L. Gross, J. B. Grace, L. Gough, J. E. Fargione and C. M. Clark. In press. Rank clocks and plant community dynamics.

Pennings, S. C., C.-K. Ho, C. S. Salgado, K. Więski, N. Davé, A. E. Kunza, E. L. Wason. In press. Latitudinal variation in herbivore pressure in Atlantic Coast salt marshes. Ecology.

Kunza, A. E. and S. C. Pennings. 2008. Patterns of plant diversity in Georgia and Texas salt marshes. Estuaries and Coasts 31:673-681.

Craft, C., J. Clough, J. Ehman, S. Joye, R. Park, S. Pennings, H. Guo, M. Machmuller. 2008. Forecasting the effects of accelerated sea level rise on tidal marsh ecosystem services. Trends in Ecology and the Environment.

Ho, CK and SC Pennings. 2008. Consequences of omnivory for trophic interactions on a salt-marsh shrub. Ecology 89:1714-1722.

Cleland, E. E., C. M. Clark, S. L. Collins, J. E. Fargione, L. Gough, K. L. Gross, D. G. Milchunas, S. C. Pennings, W. D. Bowman, I. C. Burke, W. K. Lauenroth, G. P. Robertson, J. C. Simpson, D. Tilman, K. N. Suding. 2008. Species responses to nitrogen fertilization in herbaceous plant communities, and associated species traits. Ecology 89:1175.

McFarlin, C. R. J. S. Brewer, T. L. Buck and S. C. Pennings. 2008. Impact of fertilization on a salt marsh food web in Georgia. Estuaries and Coasts 31:313-325.

Wason, E. L. and S. C. Pennings. 2008. Grasshopper (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) species composition and size across latitude in Atlantic Coast salt marshes. Estuaries and Coasts 31:335-343.

Pennings, S. C., Simpson, J. C. 2008. Like herbivores, parasitic plants are limited by host nitrogen content. Plant Ecology 196:245-250.

Clark, C. M., Cleland, E. E., Collins, S. L., Fargione, J. E., Gough L., Gross, K. L., Pennings, S. C., Suding, K. N., Grace, J. B.  2007.  Environmental and plant community determinants of species loss following nitrogen enrichment.  Ecology Letters 10:596-607.

Pennings, S. C., Zimmer, M., Dias, N., Sprung, M., Davé, N., Ho, C.-K., Kunza, A., McFarlin, C., Mews, M., Pfauder, A., Salgado, C. 2007. Latitudinal variation in plant-herbivore interactions in European salt marshes. Oikos 116:543-549.

Sharitz, R. R., Pennings, S. C. 2006. Development of wetland plant communities. In, Ecology of freshwater and estuarine wetlands, D. P. Batzer and R. R. Sharitz (eds.), University of California Press.

Donovan, D. A., Pennings, S. C., Carefoot, T. H. 2006. Swimming in the sea hare Aplysia brasiliana: cost of transport, parapodial morphometry, and swimming behavior. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 328:76-86.

Pennings, S. C., Silliman, B. R. 2005. Linking biogeography and community ecology: latitudinal variation in plant-herbivore interaction strength. Ecology 86:2310-2319.

Pennings, S. C., Clark, C. M., Cleland. E. E., Collins, S. L., Gough L., Gross, K. L., Milchunas, D. G., Suding, K. N. 2005. Do individual plant species show predictable responses to nitrogen addition across multiple experiments? Oikos 110:547-555.

Salgado, C. S., Pennings, S. C. 2005. Latitudinal variation in palatability of salt-marsh plants: are differences constitutive? Ecology 86:1571-1579.

Richards, C. L., Pennings, S. C., Donovan, L. A. 2005. Habitat range and phenotypic variation in salt marsh plants. Plant Ecology 176:263-273.

Suding, K. N., Collins, S. L., Gough L., Clark, C., Cleland, E. E., Gross, K. L., Milchunas, D. G., Pennings, S. 2005. Functional- and abundance-based mechanisms explain diversity loss due to N fertilization. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 102:4387-4392.

Pennings, S. C., Grant, M. B., Bertness, M. D. 2005. Plant zonation in low-latitude salt marshes: disentangling the roles of flooding, salinity and competition. Journal of Ecology 93: 159-167.

Zimmer, M., S. C. Pennings, T. L. Buck, T. H. Carefoot. 2004. Salt marsh litter and detritivores: a closer look at redundancy. Estuaries 27:753-769.

Goranson, C. E., C.-K. Ho, S. C. Pennings. 2004. Environmental gradients and herbivore feeding preferences in coastal salt marshes. Oecologia 140:591-600.

Pennings, S. C., E. R. Selig, L. T. Houser, M. D. Bertness. 2003. Geographic variation in positive and negative interactions among salt marsh plants. Ecology 84:1527-1538.

Callaway, R. M., S. C. Pennings, C. L. Richards. 2003. Phenotypic plasticity and interactions among plants. Ecology 84:1115-1128.

Carefoot, T. H., S. C. Pennings. 2003. Influence of proximal stimuli on swimming in the sea hare Aplysia brasiliana. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 288:223-237.

Buck, T. L., G. A. Breed, S. C. Pennings, M. E. Chase, M. Zimmer, T. H. Carefoot. 2003. Diet choice in an omnivorous salt-marsh crab: different food types, body size and habitat complexity. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 292:103-116.

Pennings, S. C., L. E. Stanton, J. S. Brewer. 2002. Nutrient effects on the composition of salt marsh plant communities along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the United States. Estuaries 25:1164-1173.

Siska, E. L., S. C. Pennings, T. L. Buck and M. D. Hanisak. 2002. Latitudinal variation in palatability of saltmarsh plants: which traits are responsible? Ecology 83:3369-3381.

Callaway, R. M., K. O. Reinhart, G. W. Moore, D. J. Moore and S. C. Pennings. 2002. Epiphyte host preferences and host traits: mechanisms for species-specific interactions. Oecologia 132:221-230.

Pennings, S. C. and R. M. Callaway. 2002. Parasitic plants: parallels and contrasts with herbivores. Oecologia 131:479-489.

Zimmer, M., S. C. Pennings, T. L. Buck, T. H. Carefoot. 2002. Species-specific patterns of litter processing by terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea) in high intertidal salt marshes and coastal forests. Functional Ecology 16:596-607.

Zimmer, M., J. P. Danko, S. C. Pennings, A. R. Danford, T. H. Carefoot, A. Ziegler, R. F. Uglow. 2002. Cellulose digestion and phenol oxidation in coastal isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda). Marine Biology 140:1207-1213.

Pennings, S. C., V. D. Wall, D. J. Moore, M. Pattanayek, T. L. Buck and J. J. Alberts. 2002. Assessing salt marsh health: a test of the utility of five potential indicators. Wetlands 22:405-414.

Pennings, S. C., E. L. Siska and M. D. Bertness. 2001. Latitudinal differences in plant palatability in Atlantic coast salt marshes. Ecology 82:1344-1359.

Pennings, S. C. and M. D. Bertness. 2001. Salt marsh communities. In, M. D. Bertness, S. D. Gaines and M. E. Hay (editors), Marine Community Ecology, Sinauer Associates.

Pennings, S. C. and D. J. Moore. 2001. Zonation of shrubs in western Atlantic salt marshes. Oecologia 126:587-594.

Pennings, S. C., S. Nastisch and V. J. Paul. 2001. Vulnerability of sea hares to fish predators: importance of diet and fish species. Coral Reefs 20:320-324.

Callaway, R. M., K. O. Reinhart, S. C. Tucker and S. C. Pennings. 2001. Effects of epiphytic lichens on host preferences of the vascular epiphyte Tillandsia usneoides. Oikos 94:433-441.

Zimmer, M., J. P. Danko, S. C. Pennings, A. R. Danford, A. Ziegler, R. F. Uglow and T. H. Carefoot. 2001. Hepatopancreatic endosymbionts in coastal isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda), and their contribution to digestion. Marine Biology 138: 955-963.

Wall, V. D., J. J. Alberts, D. J. Moore, S. Y. Newell, M. Pattanayek and S. C. Pennings. 2001. The effect of mercury and PCBs on organisms from lower trophic levels of a Georgia saltmarsh. Arch. Env. Cont. Toxicol. 40:10-17.

Bertness, M. D. and S. C. Pennings. 2000. Spatial variation in process and pattern in salt marsh plant communities in eastern North America. In Weinstein, M. P., Kreeger, D. A. (eds) Concepts and controversies in tidal marsh ecology. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.

Callaway, R. M. and S. C. Pennings. 2000. Facilitation may buffer competitive effects: indirect and diffuse interactions among salt marsh plants. American Naturalist 156:416-424.

Pennings, S. C. and R. M. Callaway. 2000. The advantages of clonal integration under different ecological conditions: a community-wide test. Ecology 81: 709-716.

Pennings, S. C., T. H. Carefoot, M. Zimmer, J. P Danko and A. Ziegler. 2000. Feeding preferences of supralittoral isopods and amphipods. Can. J. Zool. 78:1918-1929.

Ziegler, A., T. Grospietsch, T. H. Carefoot, J-P. Danko, M. Zimmer, I. Zerbst-Boroffka and S. C. Pennings. 2000. Hemolymph ion composition and volume changes in the supralittoral isopod Ligia pallasii Brandt, during molt. J. Comp. Physiol. B 170: 329-336.

Carefoot, T. H., J. Wright, S. C. Pennings, A. Ziegler, M. Zimmer, R. F. Uglow, A. Danford and J. P. Danko. 2000. Hemolymph homeostasis in relation to diel feeding activity in the prototypal land isopod, Ligia pallasii. Can. J. Zool. 78: 588-595.

Carefoot, T. H., D. Karentz, S. C. Pennings and C. L. Young. 2000. Distribution of mycosporine-like amino acids in the sea hare Aplysia dactylomela: effect of diet on amounts and types sequestered over time in tissues and spawn. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 126C: 91-104.

Pennings, S. C. and M. D. Bertness. 1999. Using latitudinal variation to examine effects of climate on coastal salt marsh pattern and process. Current Topics in Wetland Biogeochemistry 3: 100-111.

Pennings, S. C., V. J. Paul, D. C. Dunbar, M. T. Hamann, W. A. Lumbang, B. Novack and R. S. Jacobs. 1999. Unpalatable compounds in the marine gastropod Dolabella auricularia: distribution and effect of diet. J. Chem. Ecol. 25: 735-755.

Carefoot, T. H., S. C. Pennings and J. P. Danko. 1999. A test of novel function(s) for the ink of sea hares. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 234: 185-197.

Pennings, S. C. and C. L. Richards. 1998. Effects of wrack burial in salt-stressed habitats: Batis maritima in a Southwest Atlantic salt marsh. Ecography 21:630-638.

Pennings, S. C., T. H. Carefoot, E. L. Siska, M. E. Chase and T. A. Page. 1998. Feeding preferences of a generalist salt marsh crab: relative importance of multiple plant traits. Ecology 79:1968-1979.

Nomann, B. and S. C. Pennings. 1998. Fiddler crab-vegetation interactions in hypersaline habitats. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 225:53-68.

Callaway, R. M. and S. C. Pennings. 1998. Impact of a parasitic plant on the zonation of two salt marsh perennials. Oecologia 114:100-105.

Pennings, S. C., S. R. Pablo and V. J. Paul. 1997. Chemical defenses of the tropical, benthic marine cyanobacterium Hormothamnion enteromorphoides: diverse consumers and synergisms. Limnology and Oceanography 42:911-917.

Pennings, S.C. 1997. Indirect effects on coral reefs. In, C. Birkeland, editor, Life and death of coral reefs. Chapman and Hall.

Pennings, S. C. and R. M. Callaway. 1996. Impact of a parasitic plant on the structure and dynamics of salt marsh vegetation. Ecology 77:1410-1419.

Pennings, S. C. 1996. Testing for synergisms between chemical and mineral defenses. Ecology 77:1948-1950.

Pennings, S. C., A. M. Weiss and V. J. Paul. 1996. Secondary metabolites of the cyanobacterium Microcoleus lyngbyaceus and the sea hare Stylocheilus longicauda: palatability and toxicity. Marine Biology 126:735-743.

Pennings, S. C., M. P. Puglisi, T. J. Pitlik, A. C. Himaya and V. J. Paul. 1996. Effects of secondary metabolites and CaCO3 on feeding by surgeonfishes and parrotfishes: within-plant comparisons. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 134:49-58.

Pennings, S. C. and T. H. Carefoot. 1995. Post-ingestive consequences of consuming secondary metabolites in sea hares (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia). Comparative Biology and Physiology 111C:249-256.

Pennings, S. C., S. R. Pablo, V. J. Paul and J. Emmett Duffy. 1994. Effects of sponge secondary metabolites in different diets on feeding by three groups of consumers. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 180:137-149.

Pennings, S. C. 1994. Interspecific variation in chemical defenses of sea hares. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 180:203-219.

Pennings, S.C., M.T. Nadeau, and V.J. Paul. 1993. Selectivity and Growth of the generalist herbivore Dolabella auricularia feeding upon complementary resources. Ecology 74:879-890.

Pennings, S.C., and V.J. Paul. 1993. Sequestration of algal secondary metabolites by sea hares: location, specificity and dynamics. Marine Biology 117:535-546.

Pennings, S.C., and V.J. Paul. 1993. Secondary chemistry does not limit dietary range of the specialist sea hare Stylocheilus longicauda (Quoy et Gaimard 1824). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 174:97-113.

Pennings, S.C., and J.M. Svedberg. 1993. Does CaCO3 in food deter feeding by sea urchins? Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 101:163-167.

Pennings, S.C. 1993. Temporal and spatial variation in the recruitment of the sea hare, Aplysia californica, at Santa Catalina Island, CA. In, F. G. Hochberg (ed.) Third California Islands Symposium: Recent Advances in Research on the California Islands. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara CA.

Pennings, S.C., and V. J. Paul. 1993. Within-individual distribution of sequestered secondary metabolites in sea hares. Abstract. Proc. 7th Int. Coral Reef Symp., Guam, 1992. Vol. 2, p. 876.

Pennings, S.C., and V.J. Paul. 1992. Effect of plant toughness, calcification and chemistry on herbivory by Dolabella auricularia. Ecology 73:1606-1619.

Pennings, S.C., and R.M. Callaway. 1992. Salt marsh plant zonation: the relative importance of competition and physical factors. Ecology 73:681-690.

Paul, V.J., and S.C. Pennings. 1991. Diet derived chemical defenses in the sea hare Stylocheilus longicauda (Quoy and Gimard 1824). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 151:227-243.

Pennings, S.C. 1991. Reproductive behavior of Aplysia californica Cooper: diel patterns, sexual roles and mating aggregations. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 149:249-266.

Pennings, S.C. 1991. Spatial and temporal variation in recruitment of Aplysia californica Cooper: patterns, mechanisms and consequences. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 146:253-274.

Pennings, S.C. 1990. Multiple factors promoting narrow host range in the sea hare, Aplysia californica. Oecologia 82:192-200.

Pennings, S.C. 1990. Size-related shifts in herbivory: specialization in the sea hare, Aplysia californica Cooper. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 142:43-61.

Pennings, S.C. 1990. Predator-prey interactions in opisthobranch gastropods: effects of prey body size and habitat complexity. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 62:95-101.

Last updated 1/08